This course covers: the American and French revolutions; the reshaping of Europe following the Napoleonic era and the restorations; the birth of the nation-state and the rise of nationalisms; the rise of the bourgeoisie and the labor movement. Shifts in international hegemony: Paris, Berlin, and New York as the capitals of the 19th and 20th centuries. The Great War, the Weimar Republic, and fascist regimes. The Second World War and the reorganization of the global order after 1945. Human rights, the Welfare State and its crises, the Cold War and the world of geopolitical blocs. The triumph of (social and political) neoliberalism, the collapse of the USSR, globalization, and the rise of China.