This course introduces the most common topologies and components used in the different types of switched converters. In the first part of the course, the analysis techniques necessary to calculate the relevant parameters of the converter in steady state (voltages, currents, efficiency, etc.) and to obtain an equivalent basic model of the converter are developed. Both continuous and discontinuous conduction modes are covered. This block also studies the basic topologies of DC-DC converters (buck, boost and buck-boost) as well as other types of converters (SEPIC, Cuk).
The following chapter is dedicated to the study of semiconductors commonly used in power converters (diode, MOSFET, IGBT) and their application to the implementation of converters. Previously developed models are evolved to include efficiency losses arising from non-idealities of practical devices (conduction and switching losses).
A brief introduction to the transformer for switching applications and its use in the most common isolated converter topologies makes up the following block.
This course also addresses the control of the closed-loop converter. In the first phase, the AC model of the converter is obtained and the transfer functions of the converter and the controller are derived. They are then used to analyze the closed-loop system and design a controller that meets the design requirements (line and load regulation, transient response, etc.).
An entire chapter is dedicated to AC-DC converters or rectifiers, with special emphasis on low-harmonic rectifiers.
The last part of the course is dedicated to electric motors and drivers. It includes a brief description of the most common motor types followed by a more detailed analysis of the motor controllers used to power and control them.
The LTspice simulator is used extensively throughout the course both to illustrate the concepts introduced in the theoretical sections and to analyze the behavior of different circuits and devices.
The course assumes some prior knowledge of electronic components and semiconductor devices, circuit analysis, and control system fundamentals.
Titular Professors
Electronic components and semiconductor devices, basic electronics, analysis of circuits and fundamentals of control systems.
This course aims to help students understand the role of power electronics in modern electrical systems and develop a solid conceptual framework for analyzing switching converters and their behavior. It builds on prior knowledge in electronics and control, enabling students to connect device?level operation with system?level functionality within the Electrical Engineering profile.
The course also seeks to strengthen students’ ability to evaluate converter technologies, apply engineering criteria to component selection, and develop sound judgement in addressing efficiency, thermal, and design constraints. By integrating modeling, semiconductor technologies, and control concepts, it supports the formation of professional competences expected of an Electrical Engineering graduate.
1. INTRODUCTION TO POWER ELECTRONICS
1.1 Scope and applications
1.2 Converter: model and classification
1.3 Efficiency
1.4 Switching systems
1.5 Simulation
2. DC-DC CONVERTERS
2.1 Introduction and objectives
2.2 Analysis techniques
2.3 Volts-second and charge balance
2.4 Basic DC-DC converter topologies: buck, boost and buck-boost
2.5 Output voltage ripple
2.6 Eficiència
2.7 DC model of the converter
2.8 Other topologies: ?uk, SEPIC
2.9 Transient mode
3. ELECTRONIC SWITCHES
3.1 Switch implementation
3.2 Diode
3.3 MOSFET
3.4 Converter implementation using semiconductor devices
3.5 Continuous and discontinuous conduction modes (CCM and DCM)
3.6 Bipolar transistor
3.7 IGBT
3.8 New materials for semiconductor devices (SiC, GaN, etc.)
3.9 SOA
3.10 Effect of the switch on efficiency
3.11 Thermal analysis
4. DC-DC ISOLATED CONVERTERS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Transformers for switching applications
4.3 Asymmetric isolated converters
4.4 Symmetric isolated converters
5. MODEL AC AND DESIGN OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM
5.1 Converter control in closed loop
5.2 Converter averaged and AC models
5.3 Transfer functions
5.4 System design
6. AC-DC CONVERTERS
6.1 Basic concepts of rectifiers
6.2 Uncontrolled rectifiers
6.3 Rectifiers with low harmonic content
6.4 Polyphase rectifiers
6.5 Thyristors and Triacs
6.6 Controlled rectifiers
7. MOTOR DRIVERS
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Brushed DC motors
7.3 Stepper Motors
The subject is taught primarily through master classes in which theoretical content is presented together with demonstrations that illustrate key concepts using simulation software, animations, and other interactive tools. This combination allows students to relate abstract ideas to their practical implementation and to develop a deeper understanding of converter behavior and power electronic systems.
The consolidation of acquired knowledge is supported by individual exercises designed to extend theoretical concepts and apply them through simulation, enabling students to validate results and strengthen their analytical skills. In addition, the course includes a laboratory component structured as a small design project developed progressively throughout the semester. This project allows students to integrate and apply the theoretical foundations of the subject in a practical, design?oriented context, reinforcing both their technical competence and their engineering judgment.
All course materials—including lecture presentations, simulation models, and supplementary resources—are made available through the Moodle platform, ensuring continuous access and facilitating autonomous learning throughout the course.
The assessment of the subject consists of three main components: continuous assessment exercises, a laboratory assignment, and the final exam. The continuous assessment exercises account for 45% of the theory mark, while the remaining 55% is obtained from the final exam. The evaluation of the laboratory assignment is used exclusively to determine the grade corresponding to the practical part of the course.
The final grade for the subject is calculated as the weighted average of the theory mark and the practical mark. The theory component has a weight of 80% in the final grade, whereas the practical part contributes the remaining 20%.
To pass the subject, students must achieve a theory mark equal to or higher than 4.0 (on a scale from 0 to 10), obtain a practical mark equal to or higher than 5.0, and earn a final weighted grade of at least 5.0.
Failure to submit the laboratory assignment results automatically in a final grade of NP (Not Presented), regardless of the student’s performance in the other assessed components.
The assessment of student performance in this course is based on the following criteria, which reflect the knowledge and skills expected from a fourth?year Electrical Engineering student specializing in power electronics:
- Understanding of Fundamentals
Demonstrates a solid grasp of the fundamental principles involved in the design and modeling of power electronic systems. - Mastery of Architectures, Technologies, and Components
Shows clear understanding of the different converter architectures, semiconductor technologies, magnetic components, and auxiliary elements used in modern power electronics. - Interpretation of Requirements and Objectives
Correctly interprets system specifications, operational requirements, and design objectives, and uses them to justify engineering decisions. - Ability to Evaluate Alternatives and Select Components
Identifies feasible design options and selects appropriate components and topologies that meet the system’s functional, thermal, and performance constraints. - Modeling and Simulation Skills
Accurately models power converters and related systems, and uses suitable simulation tools to analyze steady?state and dynamic behavior. - Analytical Accuracy
Performs calculations with precision and demonstrates correct interpretation of quantitative results. - Clarity and Structure of Solutions
Presents procedures, reasoning, and solutions in a clear, organized, and technically rigorous manner consistent with professional engineering practices.
Robert W. Erickson, Dragan Maksimovic, Fundamentals of Power Electronics, 2nd ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, 2004.
N. Mohan, T. M. Undeland, and W. P. Robbins, Power Electronics: Converters, Applications and Design, 3rd ed.,Wiley, New York, 2003.
Gilles Brocard, The LTSpice IV Simulator – Manual, Methods and Applications, 1st edition, Würth Elektronik eiSos GmbH & Co. KG, Germany, 2013.
Christophe P. Basso, Switch Mode Power Supplies, 1st ed., McGraw-Hill, 2008.
D. W. Hart, Power Electronics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2011.
M. H. Rashid, Electrónica de potencia – Circuitos, dispositivos y aplicaciones, 3ª edición, Pearson-Prentice Hall, México, 2004.