Aesthetics was born in the 18th century as a philosophical reflection that confronts art as an autonomous sphere, independent of the religious, the useful, the decorative or the political. This philosophical reflection attempts to think about the nature of beauty, its effects on the human condition, its links with the emotional and the intellectual, as well as social and historical conditioning. Reflections on taste (good taste or bad taste), beauty as social ornament and class conditioning, the existence or not of universal rules in aesthetic apperception, the connection of beauty with the good and the true, that is, with morality and knowledge, become fundamental concerns of the 19th century. In that century, the category of beauty was enriched by that of the sublime and the romantic sinister, even appearing an aesthetic of the ugly (Rosenkranz). It was with the emergence of the great artistic revolutions at the end of the 19th century that gave rise to the first and second historical avant-gardes when the connection between art and beauty was called into question, as well as the guiding role of art as a moral educator and guide of Humanity. Art became experimental, transgressive, innovative and creative, subject to utopian and dystopian swings alternately, becoming a public and social mirror of the historical era itself and its sensitivity. The avant-gardes clearly imply a revolution in artistic techniques (the emergence of cinema, television, radio, photography, image and sound recording devices, the digital revolution, etc.), clearly involved in the various technological transformations that have shaken the 20th and 21st centuries, which will lead, in our time, to rethinking the connections between technology, art and society. Becoming aware of these different stages, and of the evolution of our aesthetic consciousness in the course of history, is the main objective of this course.