master of science in architecture

Master of Science in Architecture

Study at La Salle and obtain the master's degree to become a great architect with all the responsibilities

Rehabilitation and eco-efficiency

Description
The construction sector is responsible for 40% of final energy consumption and 36% of emissions in the European Union. Considering the climate emergency declared at the municipal, regional, and national levels, the material heritage of urban fabrics, structures, and existing infrastructures, if maximally utilized, could prevent new impacts from new structures. This holds even greater relevance than the architectural dimension itself. In this regard, the needs of users will be assessed concerning the intensity of resource consumption required to meet these needs, aiming for the architectural proposal to produce the least possible impact. This means requiring the lowest possible consumption of energy, materials, water resources, and, above all, questioning the usual solutions and ways of projecting: defining spaces with an organization of available resources and a sufficient consumption of these resources. Depending on how these spaces are organized, demands will be generated (for electrical energy consumption, thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, lighting comfort, water, materials, etc.) that must be defined qualitatively in the project, referencing the concepts learned and similar examples/experiences. It will also be necessary to define, qualitatively, how these demands are met: in some cases, like thermal comfort, ideally using bioclimatic means—that is, without consuming kWh of commercial energy and only utilizing and organizing local resources such as solar radiation, wind, shade, vegetation, the inertia of existing materials, insulation, and openings—or reusing waste/surplus materials or local resources.
Type Subject
Primer - Obligatoria
Semester
Annual
Course
1
Credits
3.00

Titular Professors

Previous Knowledge

Degree in Architecture Studies or Fundamentals of Architecture

Objectives

The objective of this subject is to provide the necessary knowledge for students to incorporate into their training and the projects they develop strategies that reduce the environmental impact they may generate with each of their decisions, placing special emphasis on reducing demand or needs. The final proposal to be constructed must include a coherent description of the definition of program needs and habitability, along with a description of the developed environmental strategies.

COMPETENCIES
Basic and General:
CG2 - Create architectural projects that meet aesthetic and technical demands and the requirements of their users, respecting the limits imposed by budgetary factors and construction regulations.
CG3 - Understand the profession of architecture and its role in society, particularly by developing projects that consider social factors.
IS1 - Capable of analyzing and synthesizing conceptual frameworks, generating new knowledge.
IS2 - Capable of organizing and planning the application of new knowledge.
IS4 - Capable of acquiring knowledge related to the profession.
IS8 - Capable of acquiring information management skills (ability to search for and analyze information from diverse sources).
IS9 - Capable of solving architectural problems.
IS10 - Capable of making decisions (in projects, construction systems, organization, etc.).
CB6 - Possess and understand knowledge that provides a foundation or opportunity to be original in the development and/or application of ideas, often in a research context.
CB7 - Students should be able to apply the knowledge acquired and their problem-solving ability in new or unfamiliar environments within broader (or multidisciplinary) contexts related to their area of study.
CB8 - Students should be capable of integrating knowledge and dealing with the complexity of making judgments based on information that, being incomplete or limited, includes reflections on the social and ethical responsibilities associated with the application of their knowledge and judgments.
CB9 - Students should be able to communicate their conclusions and the underlying knowledge and reasons to specialized and non-specialized audiences clearly and unambiguously.
CB10 - Students should possess learning skills that allow them to continue studying in a largely self-directed or autonomous manner.

Transversal:
IT2 - Capable of working in an interdisciplinary team.
IT5 - Capable of being sensitive to the environment (in projects, construction systems, sustainability, etc.).
IT1 - Capable of acquiring critical and self-critical thinking skills.

Specific:
A4 - P-FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING. Ability or capacity to develop building programs, considering the requirements of clients and users, analyzing precedents and site conditions, applying standards, and establishing dimensions and relationships of spaces and equipment.
A8 - P-ARCHITECTURAL CRITICISM. Ability or capacity to analyze architecture and urban morphology and typology to explain the formal and programmatic precedents of design solutions.
A10 - P-BUILT HERITAGE PROTECTION. Ability or capacity to carry out monumental cataloging tasks, define protection measures for buildings and historic sites, and draft plans for delimitation and conservation of these sites.
A11 - P-URBAN PLANNING. Ability or capacity to draft and manage territorial and metropolitan planning, strategic plans, urban feasibility plans, and municipal urban plans, focusing on urban areas and special projects.
A1 - P-BASIC ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PROJECT. Ability or capacity to apply basic formal, functional, and technical principles to the conception and design of buildings and urban complexes, defining their general characteristics and expected outcomes.
A2 - P-EXECUTIVE PROJECTS. Ability or capacity to develop comprehensive execution projects for buildings and urban spaces with sufficient detail for full implementation and equipment of services and installations.
A3 - P-CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT. Ability or capacity to manage construction and urbanization projects by developing designs, laying out plans, applying appropriate construction procedures, and coordinating trades and industries.

Contents

First Term: Territory Classes 1-3
Intensive exploration of the concept of territory and its relevance in sustainable rehabilitation. The sessions, led by M. García, combine theory and practice, starting with a general introduction, followed by deeper theoretical discussions, and culminating in a practical workshop that applies the learned concepts.

Second Term: Energy Classes 4-6
Focus on the importance of energy in rehabilitation projects. L. Volpi will guide students from a basic introduction to more complex theories on energy efficiency, concluding with a workshop that allows students to apply theories in practical scenarios.

Third Term: Building Envelope Classes 7-9
Analysis of the building envelope as a critical component for sustainability in rehabilitation. M. Rodríguez presents from basic theory to more specific aspects, ending with a practical workshop that reinforces theory through direct application.

This course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of how the aspects of territory, energy, and the building envelope interrelate and contribute to the rehabilitation and eco-efficiency of existing structures.

Methodology

The course comprehensively addresses the need to reduce the environmental impact of the sector. It emphasizes the importance of optimizing the use of available resources and promotes a deep understanding of how architectural decisions influence energy consumption and waste generation. Through a practical and theoretical approach, students learn to design and project buildings and urban spaces that not only meet current needs for habitability and functionality but also minimize their ecological footprint.

The course encourages the use of bioclimatic strategies and the integration of advanced technologies in energy efficiency, aiming for a significant reduction in energy and material resource consumption from the design phase through to the execution and maintenance of the projects.

Additionally, the course focuses on training for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation of energy and resource demands in construction projects. This includes detailed analysis of thermal, acoustic, and lighting comfort needs, as well as other critical aspects affecting the sustainability of buildings. Students are encouraged to question conventional practices and explore innovative alternatives that prioritize the use of local resources and material reuse.

Through the study of practical cases and references to successful examples of sustainable projects, the course aims to train professionals capable of leading the shift towards more responsible practices in architecture and construction, always with a focus on environmental preservation and improving people's quality of life.

Evaluation

10% Class participation
80% Projects: Coherence and Viability of the Developed Sustainable Solutions
10% Presentations: Project Defense

Evaluation Criteria

The student is considered to have met the course objectives when they have demonstrated the ability to apply principles of sustainability and eco-efficiency in project development. The course grade is derived from the following rubric:

1 - Class Participation (10% of the total grade): Regular attendance and constructive participation in classes and workshops will be assessed. Ongoing interaction and the exchange of ideas on sustainable and eco-efficient practices are essential.

2 - Projects: Coherence and Viability of Developed Sustainable Solutions (80% of the total grade): This criterion evaluates the student’s ability to design solutions that are not only innovative but also viable and aligned with the principles of sustainability and eco-efficiency. Aspects such as minimizing environmental impact and optimizing resource use will be considered.

Environmental Impact Analysis and Evaluation: The depth and rigor with which the student performs preliminary assessments and verifies the eco-efficiency of proposed elements and systems in the project will be evaluated. This includes lifecycle assessment, carbon footprint, and other sustainability metrics.
3 - Presentations: Project Defense (10% of the total grade): The quality of graphic representation and clarity in the oral and written presentation of the project are fundamental. The student’s ability to effectively communicate the benefits and implementation of their sustainable and eco-efficient proposals will be assessed.

Each component of this rubric is designed to ensure that students not only acquire theoretical knowledge but also develop essential practical skills for designing and implementing sustainable, environmentally respectful architectural solutions.

Basic Bibliography

- The hierarchy of energy in Architecture; Ravi Srinivasan & Kiel Moe; Pocket Architecture, 2015
- De la casa pasiva al estándar; Micheel Wassouf, GG, 2014
- Energy-efficient architecture. Basics for planning and construction; Gonzalo, Habermann, 2006
- Manual of Recycling, building as sources of Materials; A. Hillebrandt, P. Riegler-Floors, A. Rosen, J.K. Seggewies; DETAIL, 2019.
- Building physics of the envelope; Knaack, Koenders, Birkhäuser, 2018

Additional Material

- Support / Materialise; Baurmann, Dilling, Euler & Niederwöhrmeier; Birkhäuser, 2013
- Open / Close; Hochberg, Hafke & Raab; Birkhauser, 2009
- Fassaden, Facades, best of DETAIL; Christian Schittich, Detail, 2015
- Building skins, in DETAIL; Christian Schittich, Birkhäuser, 2006
- Façades; Knaack, Klein, Bilow, Auer; Birkhäuser, 2007